Decision-Making Approach based on Multi-objective Optimization to Achieve Net-Zero Energy Neighborhoods through Retrofit in a Tropical Climate

Abstract Among the main causes of environmental deterioration worldwide, buildings are among those responsible for a large percentage energy-related CO 2 emissions. Because this, finding solutions to this problem is necessary. This research project involves building energy model neighbourhood located in Panama, Herrera province. The elements were classified and systematized using DesignBuilder then implemented an optimization analysis that seeks approximate NZED standard. optimization’s objectives maintain or improve thermal comfort, reducing consumption lowest possible. best design options given by method essential variables determined sensitivity analysis. It was possible conclude combining changes occupant behavior with specific envelope leads more efficient reduction electricity consumption. they lead significant without involving cost total modification envelope, these modifications, 52,852 kWh/year obtained at renovation B/.19,890.00 recovery period seven years.